Uncontrolled diabetes can damage many tissues in the body, including the kidneys. When the kidneys are damaged due to diabetes, it often involves the thickening and hardening of internal kidney structures. Diabetes affects approximately 537 million people globally, with projections rising to 783 million by 2045. Among its microvascular complications, diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a significant concern, affecting around 30% of diabetics—about 161 million individuals worldwide.
Other microvascular complications include diabetic retinopathy (affecting approximately 34 million) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (with a prevalence of around 26.7%). In a conversation with Jagran English, Dr. B. Vijay Kiran, Senior Consultant Nephrologist at the Asian Institute of Nephrology and Urology in Siliguri, discussed how diabetes can cause kidney disease, their connection, and shared lifestyle tips.
Diabetic Nephropathy: The Silent Threat
According to Dr. Kiran, diabetic nephropathy is characterized by kidney damage due to prolonged high blood sugar levels. This condition often progresses silently and, if not managed effectively, can lead to end-stage renal disease, requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant. Hence, prevention is crucial.
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Lifestyle Tips To Prevent Diabetic Nephropathy
“The kidney remembers everything,” Dr. Kiran says, emphasizing the concept of metabolic memory. Here are some lifestyle changes to help prevent diabetic nephropathy:
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- Maintain Blood Sugar Levels: Regular monitoring and adherence to medication can help keep glucose levels in check.
- Control Blood Pressure: High blood pressure can damage kidneys, leading to the progression of chronic kidney disease.
- Stay Hydrated: Adequate water intake supports kidney function and helps prevent urinary tract infections.
- Healthy Diet: Focus on a low-sodium, balanced-protein diet rich in fruits and vegetables. High potassium can prevent kidney damage by lowering blood pressure.
- Regular Exercise: Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week to improve overall health.
- Avoid Smoking And Limit Alcohol: Smoking and excessive alcohol can exacerbate kidney damage by increasing oxidative stress and uric acid levels.
